<nettime> What Happens Next Will Amaze You

[agent humble <humble@resist.ca>]

(Talk by Maciej Ceg??owski on September 14, 2015, at the FREMTIDENS
INTERNET conference in Copenhagen, Denmark.)


Good morning!

Today's talk is being filmed, recorded and transcribed, and everything I
say today will leave an indelible trace online. In other words, it's
just a normal day on the Internet.

For people like me, who go around giving talks about the dystopian
future, it's been an incredible year. Let me review the highlights so far:
	

We learned that AT&T has been cooperating with the NSA for over ten
years, voluntarily sharing data far beyond anything that the law
required them to give.

The infamous dating site for married people Ashley Madison was hacked,
revealing personal information and and easily-cracked passwords for
millions of users. Some of these users are already the subject of active
extortion.

Australia passed an incoherent and sweeping data retention law, while
the UK is racing to pass a law of its own.

The horrible Hacking Team got hacked, giving us a window into a sordid
market for vulnerabilities and surveillance technology.

The 2014 Sony Pictures hack exposed highly sensitive (and amusing)
emails and employee data.

And finally, highly sensitive and intrusive security questionnaires for
at least 18 million Federal job applicants were stolen from the US
Office of Personnel Management.
	

Given this list, let me ask a trick question. What was the most damaging
data breach in the last 12 months?

The trick answer is: it's likely something we don't even know about.

When the Snowden revelations first came to light, it felt like we might
be heading towards an Orwellian dystopia. Now we know that the situation
is much worse.

If you go back and read Orwell, you'll notice that Oceania was actually
quite good at data security. Our own Thought Police is a clown car
operation with no checks or oversight, no ability to keep the most
sensitive information safe, and no one behind the steering wheel.
	

The proximate reasons for the culture of total surveillance are clear.

Storage is cheap enough that we can keep everything.

Computers are fast enough to examine this information, both in real time
and retrospectively.

Our daily activities are mediated with software that can easily be
configured to record and report everything it sees upstream.

But to fix surveillance, we have to address the underlying reasons that
it exists. These are no mystery either.

State surveillance is driven by fear.
	

And corporate surveillance is driven by money.
	

The two kinds of surveillance are as intimately connected as tango
partners. They move in lockstep, eyes rapt, searching each other's
souls. The information they collect is complementary. By defending its
own worst practices, each side enables the other.

Today I want to talk about the corporate side of this partnership.

In his excellent book on surveillance, Bruce Schneier has pointed out we
would never agree to carry tracking devices and report all our most
intimate conversations if the government made us do it.

But under such a scheme, we would enjoy more legal protections than we
have now. By letting ourselves be tracked voluntarily, we forfeit all
protection against how that information is used.

Those who control the data gain enormous power over those who don't. The
power is not overt, but implicit in the algorithms they write, the
queries they run, and the kind of world they feel entitled to build.

In this world, privacy becomes a luxury good. Mark Zuckerberg buys the
four houses around his house in Palo Alto, to keep hidden what the rest
of us must share with him. It used to be celebrities and rich people who
were the ones denied a private life, now it's the other way around.

Let's talk about how to fix it.
	

There's a wonderful quote from a fellow named Martin McNulty, CEO of an
ad company called Forward 3D:

    ???I never thought the politics of privacy would come close to my
day-to-day work of advertising. I think there???s a concern that this
could get whipped up into a paranoia that could harm the advertising
industry,???

I am certainly here to whip up paranoia that I hope will harm the
advertising industry.

But his point is a good one. There's nothing about advertising that is
inherently privacy-destroying. It used to be a fairly innocuous business
model.

The phenomenon whereby ads are tied to the complete invasion of privacy
is a recent one.
	

In the beginning, there was advertising. It was a simple trinity of
publisher, viewer, and advertiser.

Publishers wrote what they wanted and left empty white rectangles for
ads to fill. Advertisers bought the right to put things in those
rectangles. Viewers occasionally looked at the rectangles by accident
and bought the products and services they saw pictured there. Life was
simple.

There were ad agencies to help match publishers with advertisers, figure
out what should go in the rectangles, and attempt to measure how well
the ads were working. But this primitive form of advertising remained
more art than science.

The old chestnut had it that half of advertising money was wasted, but
no one could tell which half.
	

When the Internet came, there was much rejoicing.

For the first time advertisers could know how many times their ads had
been shown, and how many times they were clicked. Clever mechanisms
started connecting clicks with sales.

Ad networks appeared. Publishers no longer had to sell all those empty
rectangles themselves. They could just ask Google to fill them, and
AdSense would dynamically match the space to available ads at the moment
the page was loaded. Everybody made money. The advertisers looked upon
this and saw that it was good.
	

Soon the web was infested with all manner of trackers, beacons, pixels,
tracking cookies and bugs. Companies learned to pool their data so they
could follow customers across many sites. They created user profiles of
everyone using the web. They could predict when a potential customer was
going to do something expensive, like have a baby or get married, and
tailor ads specifically to them.

They learned to notice when people put things in a shopping cart and
then failed to buy them, so they could entice them back with special
offers. They got better at charging different prices to people based on
what they could afford???the dream of every dead-eyed economist since the
dawn of the profession.

Advertisers were in heaven. No longer was half their budget wasted.
Everything was quantified on a nice dashboard. Ubiquitous surveillance
and the sales techniques it made possible increased revenue by fifteen,
twenty, even thirty percent.
	
	

And then the robots came.
	

Oh, the robots were rudimentary at first. Just little snippets of code
that would load a web page and pretend to click ads. Detecting them was
a breeze.

But there was a lot of money moving into online ads, and robots love
money. They learned quickly. Soon they were using real browsers, with
javascript turned on, and it was harder to distinguish them from people.
They learned to scroll, hover, and move the mouse around just like you
and me.
	

Ad networks countered each improvement on the robot side. They learned
to look for more and more subtle signals that the ad impression was
coming from a human being, in the process creating invasive scripts to
burrow into the visitor's browser.

Soon the robots were disguising themselves as people. Like a monster in
a movie that pulls on a person's face like a mask, the ad-clicking
robots learned to wear real people's identities.

They would hack into your grandparents' computer and use their browser
history, cookies, and all the tracking data that lived on the machine to
go out and perpetrate their robotic deeds. With each iteration it got
harder to tell the people and the robots apart.
	

The robots were crafty. They would do things like load dozens of ads
into one pixel, stacking them up on top of one another. Or else they
would run a browser on a hidden desktop with the sound off, viewing
video after video, clicking ad after ad.

They learned to visit real sites and fill real shopping carts to
stimulate the more expensive types of retargeting ads.
	

Today we live in a Blade Runner world, with ad robots posing as people,
and Deckard-like figures trying to expose them by digging ever deeper
into our browsers, implementing Voight-Kampff machines in Javascript to
decide who is human. We're the ones caught in the middle.

The ad networks' name for this robotic deception is 'ad fraud' or 'click
fraud'. (Advertisers like to use moralizing language when their money
starts to flow in the wrong direction. Tricking people into watching ads
is good; being tricked into showing ads to automated traffic is evil.)
	

Ad fraud works because the market for ads is so highly automated. Like
algorithmic trading, decisions happen in fractions of a second, and
matchmaking between publishers and advertisers is outside human control.
It's a confusing world of demand side platforms, supply-side platforms,
retargeting, pre-targeting, behavioral modeling, real-time bidding, ad
exchanges, ad agency trading desks and a thousand other bits of jargon.

Because the payment systems are also automated, it's easy to cash out of
the game. And that's how the robots thrive.

It boils down to this: fake websites serving real ads to fake traffic
for real money.

And it's costing advertisers a fortune.
	

Just how much money robot traffic absorbs is hard to track. The robots
actually notice when they're being monitored and scale down their
activity accordingly.

Depending on estimates, ad fraud consumes from 10-50% of your ad budget.
In some documented cases, over 90% of the ad traffic being monitored was
non-human.

So those profits to advertisers from mass surveillance???the fifteen to
thirty percent boost in sales I mentioned???are an illusion. The gains are
lost, like tears in the rain, to automated ad fraud.

Advertisers end up right back where they started,still not knowing which
half of their advertising budget is being wasted. Except in the process
they've destroyed our privacy.
	

The winners in this game are the ones running the casino: big
advertising networks, surveillance companies, and the whole brand-new
industry known as "adtech".

The losers are small publishers and small advertisers. Universal click
fraud drives down the value of all advertising, making it harder for
niche publishers to make ends meet. And it ensures that any advertiser
who doesn't invest heavily in countermeasures and tracking will get
eaten alive.

But the biggest losers are you and me.

Advertising-related surveillance has destroyed our privacy and made the
web a much more dangerous place for everyone. The practice of serving
unvetted third-party content chosen at the last minute, with no human
oversight, creates ideal conditions for malware to spread. The need for
robots that can emulate human web users drives a market for hacked home
computers.

It's no accident how much the ad racket resembles high-frequency
trading. A small number of sophisticated players are making a killing at
the expense of everybody else. The biggest profits go to the most
ruthless, encouraging a race to the bottom.

The ad companies solution to click fraud is to increase tracking. And
they're trying to convince browser vendors to play along. If they could
get away with it, they would demand that you have webcam turned on, to
make sure you are human. And to track your eye movements, and your
facial expression, and round and round we go.

I don't believe there's a technology bubble, but there is absolutely an
advertising bubble. When it bursts, companies are going to be more
desperate and will unload all the personal data they have on us to
absolutely any willing buyer. And then we'll see if all these dire
warnings about the dangers of surveillance were right.
	(A PARENTHETICAL COMMENT ABOUT DESPAIR)

It's easy to get really depressed at all this. It's important that we
not let ourselves lose heart.

If you're over a certain age, you'll remember what it was like when
every place in the world was full of cigarette smoke. Airplanes, cafes,
trains, private offices, bars, even your doctor's waiting room???it all
smelled like an ashtray. Today we live in a world where you can go for
weeks without smelling a cigarette if you don't care to.

The people in 1973 were no more happy to live in that smoky world than
we would be, but changing it seemed unachievable. Big Tobacco was a
seemingly invincible opponent. Getting the right to breathe clean air
back required a combination of social pressure, legal action, activism,
regulation, and patience.
	It took a long time to establish that environmental smoke exposure was
harmful, and even longer to translate this into law and policy. We had
to believe in our capacity to make these changes happen for a long time
before we could enjoy the results.

I use this analogy because the harmful aspects of surveillance have a
long gestation period, just like the harmful effects of smoking, and
reformers face the same kind of well-funded resistance. That doesn't
mean we can't win. But it does mean we have to fight.
	

Today I'd like to propose some ways we can win back our online privacy.

I brought up the smoking example because it shows how a mix of
strategies???political, legal, regulatory and cultural???can achieve results
that would otherwise seem fantastical.

So let's review the strategies, new and old, that are helping us push
back against the culture of total surveillance.
Technical Solutions
	

As technical people, technical solutions will always come first. They're
appealing because we can implement them ourselves, without having to
convince a vendor, judge, lawmaker, or voter.
Ad Blocking

I think of ad blocking like mosquito repellent. If you combine DEET, and
long sleeves, and wear a face net, you can almost get full protection.
but God forbid you have an inch of skin showing somewhere.

Ad blocking has seen a lot of activity. The EFF recently released a tool
called Privacy Badger specifically targeted at ad tracking, and not just
display. And soon iOS will make it possible for users to install
third-party apps that block ads.

One issue is that you have to trust the ad blocker. Blocking works well
right now because it's not widespread. The technology is likely to
become a victim of its own success. And at that point it will face
intense pressure to allow ads through. We already see signs of strain
with AdBlock Plus and its notion of "acceptable ads".

There are more fundamental conflicts of interest, too. Consider the
spectacle of the Chrome team, employed by Google, fighting against the
YouTube ads team, also employed by Google. Remember that Google makes
all its money from ad revenue.

I've met people on the Chrome team and they are serious and committed to
defending their browser. I've also met people on the YouTube ads team,
and they hate their lives and want to die. But it's still a strange
situation to find yourself in.

As ad blocking becomes widespread, we'll see these tensions get worse,
and we'll also see more serious technical countermeasures. Already
startups are popping up with the explicit goal of defeating ad blocking.
While this exposes the grim, true adversarial nature of online ads, some
publishers may feel they have no choice but to declare war on their
visitors.

Ad blockers help us safeguard an important principle???that the browser is
fundamentally our user agent. It's supposed to be on our side. It sticks
up for us. We get to control its behavior. No amount of moralizing about
our duty to view unwanted advertisements can change that.
Consumer countermeasures

A second, newer kind of technical countermeasure uses the tools of
surveillance to defeat discriminatory pricing. People have long noticed
that they get shown different prices depending on where they visit a
site from, or even what day of the week they're shopping. So far this
knowledge has been passed around as folklore, but lately we've seen more
systematic efforts like $herrif.

$herrif collects data from many users in order to show you how the price
you're being shown compares to what others have seen for the same
product. An obvious next step will be to let users make purchases for
one another, as a form of arbitrage.

Technical solutions are sweet, but they're also kind of undemocratic.
Since they work best when few people are using them, and since the tech
elite is the first to adopt them, they can become another way in which
the Internet simply benefits the nerd class at the expense of everyone else.
Legal Remedies
	

The second layer of attack is through the legal system. In Europe the
weapon of choice is privacy law. The EU charter has a lot to say about
privacy???it has a lot to say about everything???and individual countries
like Germany have even more stringent protections in place. Forcing
American companies doing business in the EU to adhere to those
principles has been an effective way to rein in their behavior.

The biggest flaw in European privacy law is that it exists to safeguard
individuals. Its protections are not very effective against mass
surveillance, which no one considered a possibility at the time these
laws were formulated.

One example of EU privacy law in action is the infamous "right to be
forgotten", where courts are ordering Google to take down links to
information, and even (in an Orwellian twist) demanding the site de-list
news stories describing the court order.

In the US, the preferred weapon is discrimination law. The Supreme Court
has recently ruled that a pattern of discrimination is enough, you don't
have to prove intent. That opens the door to lawsuits against sites that
discriminate against protected categories of people in practice,
whatever the algorithmic reason.

A problem with legal remedies is that you're asking people who are
technical experts in one field???the law???to create policy in a different
technical field, and make sweeping decisions. Those decisions, once
made, become binding precedent.

This creates another situation where elites end up making rules for
everyone else. The right to be forgotten is a good cautionary tale in
this respect. No one understands its full implications. A panel of
unelected experts ends up making decisions on a case-by-case basis,
compounding the feeling of unaccountability.

Courts are justifiably loath to make policy. They are not democratic
institutions and should not be trying to change the world. By its
nature, the legal system always lags behind, waiting until there is a
broad social consensus in making decisions. And the litigation itself is
expensive and slow.
Laws and Regulations
	

There's a myth in Silicon Valley that any attempt to regulate the
Internet will destroy it, or that only software developers can
understand the industry.

When I flew over to give this talk, I wasn't worried about my plane
falling out of the sky. Eighty years of effective technical regulation
(and massive penalties for fraud) have made commercial aviation the
safest form of transportation in the world.

Similarly, when I charged my cell phone this morning, I had confidence
that it would not burn down my apartment. I have no idea how electricity
works, but sound regulation has kept my appliances from electrocuting me
my entire life.

The Internet is no different. Let's not forget that it was born out of
regulation and government funding. Its roots are in military research,
publicly funded universities and, for some reason, a particle
accelerator. It's not like we're going to trample a delicate flower by
suddenly regulating what had once been wild and untamed.

That doesn't mean that regulations can't fail. The European cookie law
is a beautiful example of regulatory disaster. If I want to visit a site
in the EU, I need to click through what's basically a modal dialog that
asks me if I want to use cookies. If I don't agree, the site may be
borderline unusable.

Could I ask you to close your eyes for a minute? Those of you who feel
you really understand the privacy implications of cookies, please raise
your hands (about ten hands go up in an audience of three hundred).

Thank you. You can open your eyes. Those of you who raised your hands,
please see me after the talk. I'm a programmer and I wander the earth
speaking about this stuff, but I don't feel I fully understand the
implications of cookies for privacy. It's a subtle topic.

So why is my mom supposed to make a reasoned decision about it every
time she wants to check the news or weather?

And I say "every time" because the only way European sites remember that
you don't want to use cookies is... by setting a cookie. People who are
serious about not being tracked end up harassed with every page load.

Done poorly, laws introduce confusion and bureaucracy while doing
nothing to address the problem. So let's try to imagine some better laws!
Six Fixes
Right To Download
Right To Delete
Limits on Behavioral Data Collection
Right to Go Offline
Ban on Third-Party Advertising
Privacy Promises
	

There are a few guiding principles we should follow in any attempt at
regulating the Internet.

The goal of our laws should be to reduce the number of irrevocable
decisions we make, and enforce the same kind of natural forgetfulness
that we enjoy offline.

The laws should be something average people can understand, setting down
principles without tethering them to a specific technical implementation.

Laws should apply to how data is stored, not how it's collected. There
are a thousand and one ways to collect data, but ultimately you either
store it or you don't. Regulating the database makes laws much harder to
circumvent.

Laws will obviously only apply in one jurisdiction, but they should make
services protect all users equally, regardless of their citizenship or
physical location.

Laws should have teeth. Companies that violate them must face serious
civil penalties that bind on the directors of the company, and can't be
deflected with legal maneuvering.

Anyone who intentionally violates these laws should face criminal charges.

With that said, here are six fixes that I think would make the Internet
a much better place:
Right To Download
	

You should have the right to download data that you have provided, or
that has been collected by observing your behavior, in a usable
electronic format.

The right to download is self-evident, but it has some hidden side
effects. It forces companies to better account for the data they
collect, instead of indiscriminately spraying it around their datastore.

Consider the case of Max Schrems, who sued Facebook to obtain 1200 pages
of material on CD, after much stonewalling. Facebook tried to complain
that it wasn't technically possible to comply with this request. I'm
sure they had to make internal changes as a result.

A universal right to download will give users a clear idea of how much
information is being collected about their behavior. Study after study
shows that people underestimate the degree of surveillance they're under.
Right To Delete
	

You should have the right to completely remove their account and all
associated personal information from any online service, whenever they want.

Programmers recoil from deleting anything, since mistakes can be so
dangerous. Many online services (including mine!) practice a kind of
'soft delete', where accounts are flagged but data never gets deleted.

Even sites that actually delete accounts still keep backups, sometimes
indefinitely, where that data lives on forever.

The right to delete would entail stricter limits on how long we keep
backups, which is a good thing. Banks and governments have laws about
how long they can retain documents. Not having infinite backups might
help us take better care of what we do keep.

Under this rule, the CEO of Ashley Madison, a website that charged a fee
to delete your account, and then did not delete it, would be on trial
right now and facing jail time.
Limits On Behavioral Data
	

Companies should only be allowed to store behavioral data for 90 days.

Behavioral data is any information about yourself you don't explicitly
share, but that services can observe about you. This includes your IP
address, cell tower, inferred location, recent search queries, the
contents of your shopping cart, your pulse rate, facial expression, what
pages or ads you clicked, browser version, and on and on. At present,
all of this data can be stored indefinitely and sold or given away.

Companies should be prohibited from selling or otherwise sharing
behavioral data.

Limiting behavioral data would constrain a lot of the most invasive
behavior while allowing companies to keep building recommendations
engines, predictive search, training their speech recognition, their
stupid overhyped neural networks???whatever they want. They just don't get
to keep it forever.
The Right to Go Offline
	

Any device with embedded Internet access should be required to have a
physical switch that disconnects the antenna, and be able to function
normally with that switch turned off.

This means your Internet-connected light bulb, thermostat, mattress
cover, e-diaper, fitness tracker, bathroom scale, smart cup, smart
plate, smart fork, smart knife, flowerpot, toaster, garage door, baby
monitor, yoga mat, sport-utility vehicle, and refrigerator should all be
usable in their regular, 'dumb' form.

If we're going to have networked devices, we need a foolproof way of
disconnecting them. I don't want to have to log in to my pencil
sharpener's web management interface to ask it to stop spinning because
some teenager in Andorra figured out how to make it spin all night.
	

Samsung recently got in hot water with their smart refrigerator. Because
it failed to validate SSL certificates, the fridge would leak your Gmail
credentials (used by its little calendar) to anyone who asked it. All I
wanted was some ice, and instead my email got hacked.

We need an Internet off switch.
Ban on Third-Party Ad Tracking
	

Sites serving ads should only be able to target those ads based on two
things:

- the content of the page itself

- information the site has about the visitor

Publishers could still use third party ad networks (like AdSense) to
serve ads. I'm not a monster. But those third parties would have to be
forgetful, using only the criteria the publisher provided to target the
ad. They would not be allowed to collect, store, or share any user data
on their own.

This ban would eliminate much of the advertising ecosystem, which is one
of the best things about it. It would especially remove much of the
economic incentive for botnets and adware, which piggyback on users
histories in an attempt to pass themselves off as 'real' users.

Ads would get dumber.

Sites would get safer.

Your phone would no longer get hot to the touch or take five minutes to
render a blog post.

Sites with niche content might be able to make a living from advertising
again.

This proposal sounds drastic, but it really only restores the status quo
we had as recently as 2004. The fact that it sounds radical attests to
how far we've allowed unconstrained surveillance to take over our online
lives.
Privacy Promises
	

Unlike the first five fixes, the last fix I propose is not a prohibition
or ban. Rather, it's a legal mechanism to let companies to make
enforceable promises about their behavior.

Take the example of Snapchat, which is supposed to show you photographs
for a few seconds, then delete them. It makes that promise in a terms of
service document.

In reality, Snapchat kept the images on its servers for much longer,
along with sensitive user information like location data that it claimed
not to collect. And of course, Snapchat got hacked.

What were the consequences? The Federal Trade Commission told Snapchat
that it would keep a close eye on their privacy practices for the next
twenty years, to make sure it doesn't happen again. There was no fine or
other sanction. That was it.

I want a system where you can make promises that are more painful to break.

My inspiration for this is Creative Commons, founded in 2001. Creative
Commons gave people legal tools to say things like "you can use this for
non-commercial purposes", or "you're free to use this if you give me
credit".

Similarly, as a website owner, I want a legal mechanism that lets me
make binding promises like "I don't store any personally identifying
data", or "I will completely delete photos within one minute of you
pressing the 'delete' button".

A system of enforceable promises would let companies actually compete on
privacy. It would make possible innovative ephemeral services that are
infeasible now because of privacy concerns.
	

While these sound like ambitious goals, note that their effect is to
restore the privacy status quo of the first dot-com boom. As valuable a
victory as this would be, it's a somewhat passive and reactive goal.

I'd like to spend the last few minutes ranting about ways we could take
the debate beyond privacy, and what it would mean for technology to
really improve our lives.
	

This summer I took a long train ride from Vienna to Warsaw.

It struck me as I looked out window for hour after hour that everything
I was seeing???every car, house, road, signpost, even every telegraph
pole???had been built after 1990. I'd been visiting Poland regularly since
I was a kid, but the magnitude of the country's transformation hadn't
really sunk in before. And I felt proud.

In spite of all the fraud, misgovernment, incompetence, and general
Polishness of the post-communist transition, despite all our hardships
and failures, in twenty years we had made the country look like Europe.
The material basis of people's lives was incomparably better than it had
been before.
	

I'd like to ask, how many of you have been to San Francisco (about a
quarter of the audience raises their hands).

How many of you were shocked by the homelessness and poverty you saw
there? (most of the hands stay up.)

For the rest of you, if you visit San Francisco, this is something
you're likely to find unsettling. You'll see people living in the
streets, many of them mentally ill, yelling and cursing at imaginary
foes. You'll find every public space designed to make it difficult and
uncomfortable to sit down or sleep, and that people sit down and sleep
anyway. You'll see human excrement on the sidewalks, and a homeless
encampment across from the city hall. You'll find you can walk for miles
and not come across a public toilet or water fountain.

If you stay in the city for any length of time, you'll start to notice
other things. Lines outside every food pantry and employment office.
Racially segregated neighborhoods where poverty gets hidden away, even
in the richest parts of Silicon Valley. A city bureaucracy where
everything is still done on paper, slowly. A stream of constant petty
crime by the destitute. Public schools that no one sends their kids to
if they can find an alternative. Fundraisers for notionally public services.

You can't even get a decent Internet connection in San Francisco.

The tech industry is not responsible for any of these problems. But it's
revealing that through forty years of unimaginable growth, and eleven
years of the greatest boom times we've ever seen, we've done nothing to
fix them. I say without exaggeration that the Loma Prieta earthquake in
1989 did more for San Francisco than Google, Facebook, Twitter, and all
the rest of the tech companies that have put down roots in the city since.

Despite being at the center of the technology revolution, the Bay Area
has somehow failed to capture its benefits.
	It's not that the city's social problems are invisible to the
programming class. But in some way, they're not important enough to
bother with. Why solve homelessness in one place when you can solve it
everywhere? Why fix anything locally, if the solutions can scale?

And so we end up making life easier for tech workers, assuming that
anything we do to free up their time will make them more productive at
fixing the world for the rest of humanity.

This is trickle-down economics of the worst kind.
	

In the process, we've turned our city into a a residential theme park,
with a whole parallel world of services for the rich.

There are luxury commuter buses to take us to work, private taxis, valet
parking, laundry and housecleaning startups that abstract human servants
behind a web interface. We have a service sector that ensures instant
delivery of any conceivable consumer good, along with some pretty
inconceivable ones.

There are no fewer than seven luxury mattress startups. There's a
startup to pay your neighbor to watch your packages for you.
	

My favorite is a startup you can pay to move your trash bins, once a
week, three meters to the curb.

If at the height of boom times we can look around and not address the
human crisis of our city, then when are we ever going to do it? And if
we're not going to contribute to our own neighborhoods, to making the
places we live in and move through every day convenient and comfortable,
then what are we going to do for the places we don't ever see?
	

You wouldn't hire someone who couldn't make themselves a sandwich to be
the head chef in your restaurant.

You wouldn't hire a gardener whose houseplants were all dead.

But we expect that people will trust us to reinvent their world with
software even though we can't make our own city livable.
	

A few months ago I suggested on Twitter that Denmark take over city
government for five years. You have about the same population as the Bay
Area. You could use the change of climate. It seemed like a promising idea.

I learned something that day: Danes are an incredibly self-critical
people. I got a storm of tweets telling me that Denmark is a nightmarish
hellscape of misgovernment and bureaucracy.

Walking around Copenhagen, I can't really see it, but I have to respect
your opinion.

So that idea is out. But we have to do something.
	

Our venture capitalists have an easy answer: let the markets do the
work. We'll try crazy ideas, most of them will fail, but those few that
succeed will eventually change the world.

But there's something very fishy about California capitalism.

Investing has become the genteel occupation of our gentry, like having a
country estate used to be in England. It's a class marker and a socially
acceptable way for rich techies to pass their time. Gentlemen investors
decide what ideas are worth pursuing, and the people pitching to them
tailor their proposals accordingly.

The companies that come out of this are no longer pursuing profit, or
even revenue. Instead, the measure of their success is valuation???how
much money they've convinced people to tell them they're worth.

There's an element of fantasy to the whole enterprise that even the tech
elite is starting to find unsettling.
	

We had people like this back in Poland, except instead of venture
capitalists we called them central planners. They too were in charge of
allocating vast amounts of money that didn't belong to them.

They too honestly believed they were changing the world, and offered the
same kinds of excuses about why our day-to-day life bore no relation to
the shiny, beautiful world that was supposed to lie just around the corner.
	

Even those crusty, old-fashioned companies that still believe in profit
are not really behaving like capitalists. Microsoft, Cisco and Apple are
making a fortune that just sits offshore. Apple alone has nearly $200
billion in cash that is doing nothing .

We'd be better off if Apple bought every employee a fur coat and
Bentley, or even just burned the money in a bonfire. At least that would
create some jobs for money shovelers and security guards.

Everywhere I look there is this failure to capture the benefits of
technological change.
	

So what kinds of ideas do California central planners think are going to
change the world?

Well, right now, they want to build space rockets and make themselves
immortal. I wish I was kidding.
	

Here is Bill Maris, of Google Ventures. This year alone Bill gets to
invest $425 million of Google's money, and his stated goal is to live
forever.

He's explained that the worst part of being a billionaire is going to
the grave with everyone else. ???I just hope to live long enough not to die.???

I went to school with Bill. He's a nice guy. But making him immortal is
not going to make life better for anyone in my city. It will just
exacerbate the rent crisis.
	

Here's Elon Musk.

In a television interview this week, Musk said: "I'm trying to do useful
things." Then he outlined his plan to detonate nuclear weapons on Mars.

These people are the face of our industry.
	

Peter Thiel has publicly complained that giving women the vote back in
1920 has made democratic capitalism impossible.

He asserts that "the fate of our world may depend on the effort of a
single person who builds or propagates the machinery of freedom that
makes the world safe for capitalism."

I'm so tired of this shit. Aren't you tired of this shit?
	

Maybe the way to fix it is to raise the red flag, and demand that the
fruits of the technical revolution be distributed beyond our small
community of rich geeks.

I'll happily pay the 90% confiscatory tax rate, support fully-funded
maternity leave, free hospital care, real workers' rights, whatever it
takes. I'll wear the yoke of socialism and the homespun overalls.
	

Or maybe we need to raise the black flag, and refuse to participate in
the centralized, American, plutocratic Internet, working instead on an
anarchistic alternative.
	

Or how about raising the Danish flag? You have a proud history of
hegemony and are probably still very good at conquering.

I would urge you to get back in touch with this side of yourselves,
climb in the longboats, and impose modern, egalitarian,
Scandinavian-style social democracy on the rest of us at the point of a
sword.
	

The only thing I don't want to do is to raise the white flag.

I refuse to believe that this cramped, stifling, stalkerish vision of
the commercial Internet is the best we can do.


(Source: http://idlewords.com/talks/what_happens_next_will_amaze_you.htm)



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